Mervat Shafik MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Ashraf Selim MD, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Essam Elsheikh MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Sherif Abdel Fattah MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Hany Amer MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Zahy Hawwas DSc, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Aly Gamal Eldin MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Fawzy Gaballah MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Frank Ruhli MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Edward Egarter MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Paul Gostner MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

et al, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

This is the first ever CT evaluation of an identified ancient Royal mummy. The CT study was primarly conducted by an Egyptian team joined with a foreign team from Italy and switzerland.The purpose of the study was primarly to: 1)confirm or rule out a blow to the head as the cause of death of this young king. 2)Discover any congenital malformation that may explain his early death. 3)Assess if embalment of a royal mummy differs from other mummies in the same period.

The mummy was examined by a mobile multi-detector CT scanner(seimens emotion 6). - A full body scan with three volumetric acquisition was performed obtaining approximately 1900 axial images.Slice thickness ranged from 0.63 to 1.25 mm, with a pitch of 0.83 to 1.8 and reconstruction increment of 0.4 to 0.8 mm.The KV used was 130 and the effective mas ranged from 23 to 63.Post processing was performed using 3D(three dimensional), MPR(multi planner reconstruction),MIP(maximum intensity projection),SSD(surface shaded display) and VRT(volume rendering technique).

- The mummy was found to be in a critical stage of preservation as the body was cut into several parts with some missing pieces. - Age at death was estimated to be 18-20 years. Height of 5 feet 6 inches. - Two bone fragments were found loose within the cranial cavity and one currently at different location than in the previous x-rays, thus ruling out the possibility of premortum skull trauma. - The missing pieces were found within the sand tray underneath the mummy, thus excluding a premortum chest trauma.A possible premortum femoral fracture with open wound that could have triggered lethal cascades was considered. - A new transforamen magnum embalming route was suggested. - There was no evidence of congenital or severe chronic or acute bone abnormality.

There was no evidence of violent premortum trauma to the skull or chest. But there is a possible femoral fracture that may had led to his death.

Multi detector CT has proved and is paving its way as an essential tool in examining mummies.

Shafik, M, Selim, A, Elsheikh, E, Abdel Fattah, S, Amer, H, Hawwas, Z, Gamal Eldin, A, Gaballah, F, Ruhli, F, Egarter, E, Gostner, P, et al, , The First Multidetector CT Study of a Royal Egyptian Mummy: King Tutankhamen.  Radiological Society of North America 2006 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, November 26 - December 1, 2006 ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2006/4431890.html