Purpose Identification of anatomic structures in the chest on 2D conventional chest radiography may be challenging for new trainees. Due to the subtlety of pleural lining on CT, the concepts of expanded, effaced, or obliterated pleural borders on interaction with the mediastinum may be difficult to understand with radiographic and cross-sectional imaging correlation. 3D cinematic rendering, which can accentuate the draping effects of pleural borders, may provide a novel way to understand classic chest radiography. Teaching Points• Identify the anatomic structures in the chest that create the classic “lines and stripes” on chest radiography though the assist of 3D cinematic rendering (CR) depictions.• Recognize the abnormal appearances of the borders on CXR, and the corresponding appropriate pathologies in the differential diagnosis through a case-based teaching series.

Outline1. Normal pleural anatomy and mediastinal borders. 2. Anterior Junction Line. a. Anterior mediastinal mass differential. 3. Posterior Junction Line. a. Posterior mediastinal mass differential. 4. Aorto-pulmonic relationships. a. AP stripe AP window differential. 5. Paraspinal Lines. a. Right left paraspinal line differentials. 6. Posterior tracheal stripe differentials. 7. Azygosesophageal recess differentials