Ji Sung Jang, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Jin Hyung Kim MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Young Chul Cho BS, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Ho-Young Song MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Ji Hoon Shin MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Jung-Hoon Park MS, RT, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Eun Jung Jun PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Wei-Zhong Zhou, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

To determine whether balloon dilation is a safe and long-term efficacy of treating tuberculous tracheobronchial stricture(TTBS) in a large series of 113 patients.

With ethics committee approval, records for 113 consecutive patients who underwent balloon dilation for TTBS with our interventional radiology department (1997-2014) were obtained retrospectively. Balloon dilations were performed under bronchoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance. Outcomes were number and/or frequency of balloon dilations, technical success, primary and secondary clinical success, improvement in respiratory status, airway patency rate and adjuvant treatment after balloon dilation.

A total of 167 balloon dilation sessions were performed in 113 patients, with a range of 1–8 sessions per patient (mean 1.5 sessions). The balloon dilation was successful in 82 (73%) of the 113 patients after a single (n = 67) or multiple (n = 15) balloon dilations. Clinical failure occurred in 31 patients (27%). In these 31 patients, symptoms recurred 1 day – 113 months (mean, 13 months) after repeat balloon dilations, and they required adjuvant treatment such as temporary stent placement (TSP) (n = 12), cutting balloon dilation (CBD) (n = 12), radiation-eluting balloon dilation (REBD) (n = 3) or surgery (n = 4). The primary patency rates at 1, 6 months and 1, 3, 5 and 10 years were 92%, 62%, 54%, 29%, 25%, and 10%, respectively. The secondary patency rates at 1, 6 months and 1, 3, 5 and 10 years were 99%, 85%, 75%, 51%, 44%, and 24%, respectively. Pre-, immediately and post-procedural pulmonary function test (PFT) results showed significant improvements between pre and immediately after dilation in the mean forced vital capacity (FVC) (P < .001), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (P = .001), forced expiratory flow 25%–75% (FEF 25-75%) (P = .020) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (P = 0.005).

Balloon dilation seems to be a simple and safe primary treatment modality for TTBS. In addition, the secondary clinical success with repeat balloon dilation is acceptable. TSP, CBD and REBD may be considered in patients with TTBS resistant to balloon dilation.

Balloon dilation may be a successful treatment modality for healing tuberculous tracheobronchial stricture as well as for improving pulmonary function.

Jang, J, Kim, J, Cho, Y, Song, H, Shin, J, Park, J, Jun, E, Zhou, W, Balloon Dilation for Tuberculous Tracheobronchial Strictures: A Single-Center Experience in 113 Patients during 17 years.  Radiological Society of North America 2014 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, - ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2014/14045566.html