Angela Hissae Motoyama Caiado MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Gisele Warmbrand MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Carlos Alberto Matsumoto MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Dario Ariel Tiferes MD, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Gustavo S.P. Meirelles MD, PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Partner, DICOM Grid Stockholder, Fleury Group

Rogerio Caldana MD, PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Identify the typical imaging findings of GIST at initial presentation and after treatment. Recognize associated syndromes. Discuss the differential diagnosis.

GIST are the most frequent mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They originate in Cajal interstitial precursor cells and express a KIT, tyrosin kinase growth factor receptor (CD 117), which distinguish GIST from other mesenchymal neoplasms. The stomach is the most commonly affected site, followed by the small intestine, anus, rectum, colon and esophagus.  Generally, they arise within the muscularis propria, and presents as circumscribed and heterogeneous masses. When they grow towards the bowel lumen may reduce it, causing obstruction symptoms. Necrosis, hemorrhage or cystic degeneration may occur, forming cavitations which eventually ulcerate the mucosa and communicate with the intestinal lumen. Metastases occur more frequently in the liver, peritoneum and less frequently in the lungs. Typically, after chemotherapy hepatic metastases become homogeneously cystic. Most GIST are sporadic, but they may occur as part of hereditary familial or idiopathic syndromes, including neurofibromatosis type 1, Carney's triad and the Carney-Stratakis syndrome. This study demonstrates selected cases from a review of 120 CT scans of 20 patients with GIST.

http://abstract.rsna.org/uploads/2014/14015642/14015642_tkj5.pdf

Caiado, A, Warmbrand, G, Matsumoto, C, Tiferes, D, Meirelles, G, Caldana, R, Imaging of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) and Associated Syndromes.  Radiological Society of North America 2014 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, - ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2014/14015642.html