1. To know the spectrum of traumatic venous injuries.
2. To know how to recognize these injuries on CT.
1. CT signs that are definitive for venous injury:
a) Intraluminal filling defect or thrombus seen on venous and delayed phases.
b) Venous pseudoaneurysm seen on venous and delayed phases.
c) Venovenous fistula seen on venous and delayed phases.
d) Arteriovenous fistula seen on arterial phase.
e) Active contrast extravasation seen on venous and/or delayed phases.
2. CT signs that are suggestive but not definitive for venous injury:
a) Hematoma, stranding, or fluid around the vein.
b) Contour irregularity.
c) Luminal narrowing.
Cheekatla, S,
Chinapuvvula, N,
Spence, S,
Spectrum of CT Appearance of Traumatic Venous Injuries. Radiological Society of North America 2014 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, - ,Chicago IL.
http://archive.rsna.org/2014/14012576.html