1. Review the spectrum of abnormalities that may be present when a pregnant woman presents with an elevated serum AFP at aneuploidy screening.
2. Identify key imaging features that will aid in appropriate diagnosis.
1. Fetal
a. Neural Tube Defects
i. Myelomeningocele
ii. Encephalocele
iii. Anencephaly
b. Abdominal Wall Defects
i. Gastroschisis
ii. Omphalocele
iii. Limb body wall
iv. Bladder exstrophy
c. Amniotic band syndrome
d. Renal anomalies
i. Congenital nephrosis
ii. Renal agenesis
e. Proximal bowel obstruction
i. Esophageal atresia
ii. Duodenal atresia
f. Tumors
i. Sacrococcygeal teratoma
ii. Oropharyngeal teratoma
2. Placental
a. Abruption
b. Accreta
c. Chorioangioma
d. Infarction
e. Hemorrhage
3. Maternal
a. HCC
b. Hepatitis
c. Ovarian germ-cell neoplasm
4. Other Considerations
a. Off-dates
b. Multiples
c. Demise
d. Skin lesions
e. Parvovirus infection
Romine, L,
Anton, T,
Ramos, G,
Pretorius, D,
More than Neural Tube Defects: Spectrum of Pathology to Consider with Elevated Maternal Serum AFP. Radiological Society of North America 2014 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, - ,Chicago IL.
http://archive.rsna.org/2014/14010121.html