Joseph Brian Gastala MD, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Aristides Andres Capizzano MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Patricia A. Kirby, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Toshio Moritani MD, PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

1. Review the clinical findings of brain death 2. Illustrate the multimodal imaging findings of brain death 3. Explain the utility of imaging in the diagnosis of brain death

1. Definition 2. Diagnostic criteria and ancillary testing 3. Pathophysiology and pathology (autopsy case) a. Mechanism of brain edema i. Cellular injury and ischemia ii. Hypoxia iii. Cerebral acidosis iv. Cellular swelling b. transtentorial and foramen of Monroe herniation c. correlation with neurological findings 4. Imaging findings  a. CTA, CT perfusion b. MRI (T1, T2, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted/tensor imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging) / MRA i. Brain edema ii. Diffuse diffusion restriction iii. Lack of intracranial intravascular flow iv. Central herniation c. NM i. Lack of intracranial uptake with Tc-99m-HMPAO scintigraphy ii. "Hot nose" sign d. Imaging as an adjunct to clinical diagnosis 5. Summary

http://abstract.rsna.org/uploads/2014/14007645/14007645_tqis.pdf

Gastala, J, Capizzano, A, Kirby, P, Moritani, T, Brain Death: Radiologic Signs of a Nonradiologic Diagnosis.  Radiological Society of North America 2014 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, - ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2014/14007645.html