Ghazwan M. Faozi Kroma MD, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Jinqi Li MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Hsiao-Ying Wey BS, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Mary Michelle Leland DVM, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Lisa Jones BS, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Theodore B. Gupton MD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Timothy Duong, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

The goal of this research project is to develop a clinically relevant non-human primate stroke model using minimal invasive endovascular approach and multi-parametric MRI protocol with long-term goals to better model human stroke and facilitate clinical translations of novel therapeutic strategies.

Vascular anatomy of the carotid system of twelve baboons was reviewed using MRA and DSA. Those baboons were then subject to permanent or transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion using endovascular approaches. Multimodel MRI images were acquired at certain time intervals after the occlusion. Lesion volumes were determined by drawing region of interests (RIOs). RIOs of the infarct defined by the endpoint T2-FLAIR images were used for plotting temporal progression of MRI parameters.

The anatomy of the carotid system was found to be consistent among baboons. Baboons have a bovine aortic arch. The carotid vessels bifurcate in the neck. The internal carotid artery is similar in course to that of human with the only difference is the union of the bilateral anterior cerbral arteries as a single median vessel.   The MCA in the permanent occlusion group was not recanalized. A perfusion-diffusion mismatch was observed, grew smaller overtime, and disappeared by 6 hr post occlusion. In the transient occlusion group, infarcts were seen in the MCA distribution and reperfusion was noted in 57% of the animals. Lesion volume defined by ADC maps decreased (30-50% from baseline) on day 0 and peaked 24 hrs post reperfusion. ADC lesion volume on day 1 was similar to the infarct volume defined by the endpoint T2FlLAIR.  

The consistency in the baboon carotid system anatomy and the similarity to humans promote the use of this species in the preclinical investigation of neurointerventional therapies. Perfusion-diffusion mismatch approximates the ischemic penumbra, was detected in the baboon stroke model. Reperfusion salvaged substantial amount of mismatch tissue compared to permanent stroke. These findings offer encouraging results to further explore the baboon stroke model that has the potential to accelerate clinical translation of novel therapeutic and imaging tools in stroke research.

Baboon has similar neurovascular anatomy and physiology to human, providing an important preclinical bed to accelerate translation of novel therapeutic and imaging tools in stroke research.

Kroma, G, Li, J, Wey, H, Leland, M, Jones, L, Gupton, T, Duong, T, Developing Non-Human Primate (Baboon) Stroke Model: A Preliminary Report .  Radiological Society of North America 2012 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, November 25 - November 30, 2012 ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2012/12020533.html