Andriy Babsky PhD, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Sheng Hong Ju MD, PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Stacy L. Bennett, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Migsheng Huang, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Beena George, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Navin Bansal PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Hiremagular N. Jayaram, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Gordon McLennan MD, Abstract Co-Author: Grant, Genentech, Inc

00030490-DMT et al, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Post-treatment structural and metabolic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be monitored by non-invasive 23Na and 1H MRI. Both the water apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the total tissue Na+ changes reflect mostly the compartmental alterations in tumor tissue, while the intracellular Na+ reflects physiological and metabolic transformation in HCC cells. The effects of apoptotic agent Benzamide Riboside (BR) on water ADC, total tissue Na+ (from single quantum (SQ) 23Na MRI), and intracellular Na+ (from triple quantum-filtered (TQF) 23Na MRI) were studied in intra-hepatic HCC.

SQ and TQF 23Na MRI, and 1H diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats with N1S1 implanted HCC tumors. MR images were acquired with a Varian 9.4 Tesla, 31-cm horizontal bore system. Each animal was imaged on 7, 13, 15, 21, and 28 days after injection of 1 × 106 N1S1 cells into the left liver lobe. BR (20 mg/kg) was infused into the liver of 8 rats through the hepatic artery on day 14 after inoculation of N1S1 cells. Water ADC in HCC and nearby normal liver tissue was measured with coils tuned to 400 MHz using DWI sequence. 3D trans-axial 23Na MR images were obtained with a loop-gap volume resonator tuned to 106 MHz using a gradient-echo imaging sequence.

Before treatment water ADC as well as SQ and TQF 23Na signal intensity (SI) were 1.6, 1.2, and 1.7 times higher, respectively, in HCC than in nearby liver tissue and did not considerably change from 7 to 14 days after cell inoculation. SQ and TQF 23Na SI from HCC increased by 39.7% and 41.7%, respectively, 24 hr after BR treatment, while water ADC did not change. One and two weeks post-treatment SQ 23Na SI remained elevated and TQF 23Na SI further increased by 73-93 % compared to the baseline value. Unlike 23Na SI, water ADC in HCC remained unchanged in the range of 1.13 – 1.22 × 10-3 mm2/s throughout the four weeks of experiments. In normal liver tissue, all measured MRI parameters were unchanged throughout the time of experiments.

SQ and TQF 23Na MRI is more sensitive to detect treatment response after BR therapy of HCC than water ADC showing early and significant increase in total and intracellular Na+.

SQ and TQF 23Na MRI may prove reliable for monitoring early response to therapy of HCC in the clinic because they reflect structural and physiological/metabolic changes in HCC cells and

Babsky, A, Ju, S, Bennett, S, Huang, M, George, B, Bansal, N, Jayaram, H, McLennan, G, et al, 0, Effect of Benzamide Riboside on Water Diffusion and Sodium in Rat Hepatocellular Carcinoma.  Radiological Society of North America 2009 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, November 29 - December 4, 2009 ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2009/8011360.html