Terry S. Desser MD, Presenter: Nothing to Disclose

Jan Ahlqvist PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Tore Nilsson DDS, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Leif Hedman PhD, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Patricia Youngblood, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Garry Evan Gold MD, MSEE, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Robert Cheng MS, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

Magnus Johansson, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

et al, Abstract Co-Author: Nothing to Disclose

To evaluate a computer simulator as a learning tool for training radiographic technology students in cervical spine radiography.

High resolution MDCT datasets were used to create a virtual patient model of the cervical spine. A graphical environment was created containing an “x-ray tube” that could be rotated through 360 degrees of arc by the student to generate x-ray projections through the patient model. The simulator permitted real time viewing of the resultant x-ray image as the tube was moved around the patient (fluoroscopic mode). Sixteen students at one site were divided into two study groups: a control group received conventional training on a mannequin in a real x-ray room, and an experimental group received training on a simulator. At another site, twelve students underwent simulator training only. In the simulator exercises, students were instructed to generate the standard radiographic projections of the cervical spine (AP, Lateral, RAO, and LAO) first in fluorscopic mode, and then without fluoroscopic feedback. The main outcome measure assessed was comparison of pre-training and post-training proficiency test scores, where the proficiency test assessed students’ ability to recognize properly positioned standard views of the cervical spine. In addition, students were tested for flow and self-efficacy, two subjective measures of engagement in the learning activity. Students’ comments about their experience were also elicited in a questionnaire after the testing.

At one site, students in the simulation training group were more motivated and engaged in the learning activity than those in the control group. For the experimental group, there was a significant increase in proficiency test scores (p = 0.035). No significant increase was seen in the control group. A small gain in proficiency was observed in the group of twelve students evaluated with pre-tests and post-test scores. Students responded very positively to the ability to monitor the x-ray images in fluorscopic mode as they moved the x-ray tube.

Virtual reality simulation can be a useful supplement to the existing radiologic technology training curriculum.

Computer simulations provide a means to practice radiographic positioning without subjecting patients or staff to additional radiation or utilizing scarce hospital space resources.

Desser, T, Ahlqvist, J, Nilsson, T, Hedman, L, Youngblood, P, Gold, G, Cheng, R, Johansson, M, et al, , Virtual Reality Simulator for Training Technologists in Cervical Spine Radiography: Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.  Radiological Society of North America 2008 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, February 18 - February 20, 2008 ,Chicago IL. http://archive.rsna.org/2008/6014964.html